Finland, country located in northern Europe. Finland is one of the world’s most northern and geographically remote countries and is subject to a severe climate. Nearly two-thirds of Finland is blanketed by thick woodlands, making it the most densely forested country in Europe. Finland also forms a symbolic northern border between western and eastern Europe: dense wilderness and Russia to the east, the Gulf of Bothnia and Sweden to the west.A part of Sweden from the 12th century until 1809, Finland was then a Russian grand duchy until, following the, the Finns declared independence on December 6, 1917.
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Finland’s area decreased by about one-tenth during the 1940s, when it ceded the Petsamo ( ) area, which had been a corridor to the ice-free Arctic coast, and a large part of southeastern to the Soviet Union (ceded portions now in Russia). Throughout the era, Finland skillfully maintained a neutral political position, although a 1948 treaty with the Soviet Union (terminated 1991) required Finland to repel any attack on the Soviet Union carried out through Finnish territory by or any of its allies. Since, Finland has steadily increased its trading and cultural relations with other countries.
Under a U.S.-Soviet agreement, Finland was admitted to the in 1955. Since then, Finland has sent representatives to the Nordic Council, which makes suggestions to member countries on the coordination of policies. The tree of my youth stands rejoicing around me: O human!And the grass bids me welcome from foreign lands.My head I recline in the grass: now finally home.Now I turn my back on everything that lies behind me:My only companions will be the forest and the shore and the lake.The notion of nature as the true home of the Finn is expressed again and again in Finnish proverbs and folk wisdom. The harsh climate in the northern part of the country, however, has resulted in the concentration of the population in the southern third of Finland, with about one-fifth of the country’s population living in and around Helsinki, Finland’s largest city and continental Europe’s northernmost capital. Yet, despite the fact that most Finns live in towns and cities, nature—especially the forest—is never far from their minds and hearts.
LandFinland is bordered to the north by, to the east by, to the south by the, to the southwest by the, and to the northwest. Its area includes the territory of, an archipelago at the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia. About one-third of the territory of Finland—most of the maakunta (region) of Lappi—lies north of the.ReliefFinland is heavily forested and contains some 56,000 lakes, numerous rivers, and extensive areas of marshland; viewed from the air, Finland looks like an intricate blue and green.
Except in the northwest, relief features do not vary greatly, and travelers on the ground or on the water can rarely see beyond the trees in their immediate vicinity. The landscape nevertheless possesses a striking—if sometimes bleak—beauty. The relief of Finland was greatly affected by Ice Age glaciation.The retreating continental glacier left the bedrock littered with morainic deposits in formations of, remarkable winding ridges of stratified gravel and sand, running northwest to southeast. One of the biggest formations is the, three parallel ridges running across southern Finland in an arc pattern. The weight of the glaciers, sometimes miles thick, depressed the Earth’s crust by many hundreds of feet. As a consequence, areas that have been released from the weight of the ice sheets have risen and continue to rise, and Finland is still emerging from the sea. Indeed, land rise of some 0.4 inch (10 mm) annually in the narrow part of the is gradually turning the old sea bottom into dry land.
Drainage and soilsFinland’s inland waters occupy almost one-tenth of the country’s total area; there are 10 lakes of more than 100 square miles (250 square km) in area and tens of thousands of smaller ones. The largest lake, in the southeast, covers about 1,700 square miles (4,400 square km). There are many other large lakes near it, including and, while is near Kajaani in central Finland, and is in the extreme north.
Away from coastal regions, many of Finland’s rivers flow into the lakes, which are generally shallow—only three lakes are deeper than about 300 feet (90 metres). Saimaa itself drains into the much larger in Russian territory via the Vuoksi (Vuoksa) River. Drainage from Finland’s eastern uplands is through the lake system of Russian Karelia to the.
“ I live for furs! I worship furs!
After all, is there a woman in all this wretched world who doesn't?” ―Cruella expresses her one love to AnitaCruella De Vil is the main antagonist of 's animated feature film,. She is a wealthy, fashion-obsessed heiress who wishes to use the skins of 99 to create a fur coat.She first appeared in the novel, The Hundred and One Dalmatians (1956). Perhaps the most famous incarnation of the character was developed for Disney's animated adaptation, One Hundred and One Dalmatians by story man and animator.
The Disney villainess proved successful and has led to appearances in other media, most notably the franchise, of which Cruella is a primary member. Contents BackgroundCruella is an old school friend of, and a glamor-obsessed heiress who claims that she cannot live without furs. She hires Horace and Jasper Badun, two incompetent crooks, to steal Pongo and Perdita's 15 Dalmatian puppies, and buys eighty-four more through legitimate means.Unlike previous Disney villainesses such as, the, and, Cruella is not a schemer nor does she have any powers.
Instead, she acts purely on impulse and is thus prone to reckless behavior, particularly tearing through the snowy landscape in her car. Unlike future versions of the character, this version of Cruella was seemingly invincible in the eyes of the Dalmatians, who, though they could just about be able to keep Jasper and Horace Badun at bay, were unable to face 'that devil woman'.
Their only hope was therefore to flee; Cruella's defeat in the film is brought about not through the deeds of the animals but her own stubborn relentlessness (which, by the end of the film, has seemingly degenerated into a mad fury), and the incompetence of her henchmen.DevelopmentThe youthful Cruella De Vil concept art.Though Cruella's basic appearance inherited several visual traits from Dodie Smith's original novel - her half black, half white hair; her black dress; and her enormous mink coat, which swings about her like a cloak - the character's design in the film was developed by,. This version of the character was also completely skeletal, and smoked constantly, leaving a trail of green, foul-smelling cigarette smoke wherever she went. Her physical appearance and general manner was described as some sort of hellish beast or demon, a fact referenced in her name and in a song about her. In sketches exploring designs for Cruella, Marc Davis experimented with more youthful-looking versions of the character, possibly for any flashbacks that would have occurred.
The juxtaposition of the enormous coat against the rail-thin body was established in these early sketches.Davis exaggerated the size of the coat to match Cruella's larger-than-life personality, and added three big tails to its back to add a 'slightly ridiculous' element; the coat's red underlining was intended to allude to the character's somewhat demonic nature (and corresponding name). The disheveled style of Cruella's hair was inspired by hairdos seen in magazines between the 1940s and 1960s. The long green cigarette holder was modeled on one used by Davis himself.VoiceBetty Lou Gerson, who had previously provided her voice as the narrator of the opening scenes of, was inspired by when voicing Cruella De Vil. This is interesting as it is said that Dodie Smith originally conceived the character as an evil parody of Bankhead. When performing, Gerson was intimidating even to the other actresses working with her. She was the primary inspiration for Marc Davis when animating Cruella.
Davis commented that the vocal performance suggested that 'this character was bigger than life, high in energy, and, like a shark, always moving'.AnimationMarc Davis, the sole animator of Cruella in all her scenes in 101 Dalmatians, was initially unsure that Cruella would suit the film, worrying that the character was too comic. Indeed, his colleagues criticized him as he worked; felt that the head was too skull-like, while demanded to know why Davis had to 'make her feet so damn big'.In addition to the voice of Betty Lou Gerson, the animation was inspired by, in, and in. Davis also worked from live-action footage of character actress Mary Wickes.
Wickes' angular physique and sophisticated, smooth movements in this reference footage inspired Davis to incorporate these contrasting aspects in Cruella's animation. However, Davis used the footage sparingly.Davis wanted Cruella to move 'like someone you wouldn't like' and thought of people who do not listen to any voice other than their own, and thus dominate a conversation or situation. He made specific reference in interview to 'one woman I knew who was just a monster. She was tall and thin and talked constantly – you never knew what she was saying, but you couldn't get a word in edgewise'.Though initially disliked Marc Davis' caricatured approach to the design and animation of the character (complaining in particular about the size of Cruella's feet), he was very impressed by the final product and, thinking Davis to be a better draughtsman, appears to have become rather jealous of his colleagues success with the character. When Kahl was given the chance to animate his own flamboyant villainess, in, he swore to Davis that he would 'blow your Cruella off the screen'. A fan letter to Kahl from a young mistakenly referring to him as Cruella's animator received the reply: 'Thank you for all your compliments, but I did not animate Cruella De Vil.
She was animated by my friend Marc Davis and, unlike Medusa, was based on live-action.' PersonalityCruella is known to be mean and rude, frequently barging into other people's homes unannounced and openly disrespecting others. She adores attention, but looks down on others, showing no sympathy or concern for anyone's well-being.She is also greedy and selfish, and adores high fashion and art. Her interest in fashion revolves around furs from animals, particularly fur coats, as she is always seen wearing one. As a result, Cruella often seeks animals to help her with making coats.
Upon learning that Perdita has had puppies, Cruella attempted to buy them from Roger, showing no concern for the puppies themselves, having already purchased eighty-four puppies legally. The reason for her obsession is because the spots will make her fur coats more popular, meaning she'll get more money. Her interest in spots runs so deep she turned to Lars after seeing his painting of spots, as a way to substitute her obsession.Cruella is known to be short-tempered. She gets annoyed with Jasper and Horace's foolishness, and throws a tantrum when things don't go her way. Her anger seems to be a problem, as it makes her reckless and impulsive, as she drove her car recklessly after the Dalmatians but ended up crashing her car into a ravine. She may also be bipolar, as she is prone to psychotic fits, her reckless driving being a prime example. This happened again when she tried to capture the puppies in London, only to end up in an institution.Physical appearanceCruella is an extremely thin woman that appears to almost look skeletal in appearance around the curves, with pale skin and red lips.
She has green eyes and eyelids.